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Country Profile for NIGERIA |
Risk Rating |
General Information |
Country Map |
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Red (High Risk)
InTouch advice:
Most parts of the country are dangerous. Do not travel unless absolutely necessary. Amber (Moderate Risk) InTouch advice: Some parts of the country are dangerous. Travel with caution. Green (Low Risk) InTouch advice: Most parts of the country are safe. Travel freely. |
Capital: Abuja Major Languages: English Currency: Naira Timezone: GMT +1:00 |
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The most significant security threat in Nigeria stems from the militant Islamic group Boko Haram, whose name roughly translates as “Western education is forbidden”. The group were formed in northern Nigeria in 2002 by the Muslim cleric Mohammed Yusuf, however it was only in 2009 that they became a jihadist organisation. Over the last few years Boko Haram has carried out a series of terrorist and sectarian attacks in the northern and central states of the country. In December, 2010, the group carried out a bomb attack in the central city of Jos, killing more than 80 people. Since then they have carried out a suicide bomb attack on the UN headquarters in Abuja, along with numerous attacks on police stations and churches. On Christmas Day, 2011, around 40 people were killed when the group targeted worshippers near a church in Abuja.
There are long standing sectarian and socio-economic tensions within Nigeria, with the population in the south being predominantly Christian and the north predominantly Muslim. These tensions have led to inter-communal violence, particularly in the central Plateau state and Kano state in the north. In April, 2011, rioting erupted in the cities of Kano and Kaduna following Goodluck Jonathan’s victory in the presidential elections. In January, 2012, there were widespread strikes against the end of a government fuel subsidy which forced prices to rise significantly. Protests often turn violent and visitors to Nigeria are advised to avoid all large scale public gatherings as a matter of precaution.
Prior to the emergence of Boko Haram in the north, the main militant group in Nigeria was the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND). From 2006 to 2009 the group carried out a campaign of violence against the oil industry, including the murder and kidnapping of foreign nationals. A ceasefire was signed in October, 2009, and apart from a few isolated attacks and public threats the group have largely adhered to the agreement.
The Niger Delta remains a high risk destination however, with various criminal gangs operating throughout the region. Vessels and oil-installations throughout the Gulf of Guinea have been attacked by gangs of armed criminals, and a number of foreign nationals have been kidnapped and held in the delta region. Nigeria has one of highest rates of kidnap-for-ransom in the world and, although the risk is highest in the delta, incidents are reported to be in the increase throughout the rest of Nigeria - including Port Harcourt, Benin City and Kano.
Crime levels in Nigeria are high, and foreign nationals are often targeted. Groups of petty criminals operate in almost all major cities, notably around areas frequented by travellers such as hotels, restaurants and public transport hubs. Credit card fraud is also a major concern in the country and visitors are advised to take precautions to protect their details.
At least 60 people have been killed in an attack on a cattle market in the north-eastern town of Potiskum. Gunmen set fire to the market before opening fire on fleeing civilians. The incident has been linked to a local dispute rather than Boko Haram militants.
Boko Haram have released a new video, warning media organisations in Nigeria that they and their staff are going to be targeted by the group. The statement follows an attack on the ThisDay newspaper offices in Abuja and Kaduna last week.
At least five people have been killed after a police convoy was targeted in a bomb attack in the eastern town of Jalingo in Taraba state. No group has yet taken responsibility for the attack.
At least 16 people have been killed after suspected Islamist militants attacked Bayero university in the northern city of Kano. Local media reported that the attackers threw explosives into a crowd of Christian worshippers before opening fire on the worshippers.
Explosions have been reported at the offices of the ThisDay newspaper company in Abuja and Kaduna. The explosion at the Abuja office was caused by a bomb planted inside the building. An unknown number of people are believed to have been wounded in the blasts.
At least five people have been killed and 10 injured in two separate attacks in the central state of Plateau. Gunmen shot dead five villagers in Rim, around 50km south of Jos, while nine people were wounded by a bomb blast in Jos City.
At least 38 people have been killed in a series of bomb attacks in the northern city of Kaduna. The most deadly blast occurred outside a church in the city, leading to comparisons with the Christmas Day bombings which also appeared to target Christians.
Workers from the Shell oil company have been prevented from accessing oil rigs in the Niger Delta region by a group of some 1,000 protesters. Members from the Nembe Island community are reportedly holding around 14 Shell employees.
Nigerian security forces have targeted a base of Islamic militants in the central state of Kogi. Two soldiers and at least nine suspected militants were killed in the operation.
Five men, including a Mauritanian, have been arrested in Kano on suspicion of kidnapping a German engineer back in January. It has been reported that the suspects are linked to Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM).
At least three people have been killed by a suicide bomb at a Catholic church in the central city of Jos. No group have yet claimed responsibility for the attack.
A British man and his Italian colleague have been killed during a failed rescue operation. The two men were kidnapped from Birnin Kebbi city in north-west Nigeria, back in May, 2011. British special forces supported the Nigerian-led rescue operation, however the kidnappers reportedly killed the hostages before they could be rescued.
At least three people have been killed in a suicide bomb attack at a church in the city of Jos. The bombing sparked angry riots by Christian youths during which a number of Muslim shops were targeted.
At least four people are reported to have been killed in the north-eastern city of Gombe following a series of gun and bomb attacks. A prison and police station were both targeted by militants, who were eventually repelled by security forces. Elsewhere, five people were shot dead outside a mosque in the restive city of Kano.
Nigerian security forces have killed at least eight Boko Haram militants in the north-eastern city of Maiduguri. Three civilians were also wounded during the clashes.
At least five people have been wounded after a bomb exploded outside a church in the city of Suleja. The attack happened shortly after the Sunday morning service had started. The militant Islamic group Boko Haram are suspected of being responsible for the attack.
Gunmen have stormed a prison in central Nigeria, freeing some 200 prisoners. The raid took place in Koton-Karifi in the central state of Kogi.
Nigerian security forces have prevented a bomb attack in the northern city of Kaduna. The bomber attempted to ram a car packed with explosives into the gates of government house before police opened fire.
A suicide bomber has attacked an army barracks in the northern city of Kaduna. A second explosion has also been reported at an air force base in the city.
Suspected Boko Haram militants have carried out attacks in the northern cities of Kano and Maiduguri. Gunmen armed with explosives and automatic weapons attacked a police station in Kano, while militants in Maiduguri detonated a series of bomb in a market area.
Suspected MEND militants have destroyed an oil pipeline in the southern Bayelsa state. The group released a statement which claimed the attack was "a reminder of our presence in the creeks of the Niger Delta and a sign of things ti come."
Suspected Boko Haram militants have carried out further attacks in the northern city of Kano, leaving at least two people dead. The militants stormed a police station in the city before opening fire on a bus.
Nigerian police have discovered at least eight cars packed with explosives in the restive northern city of Kano. At least 160 people were killed in a series of attacks on Friday by Boko Haram militants.
At least 24 people have been killed in the northern city of Kano following a series of co-ordinated bomb attacks. Around 20 explosions have been reported in the city and officials have enforced a strict curfew. The Islamic militant group Boko Haram claim to have carried out the attacks.
A US citizen has been kidnapped by unknown gunmen from Warri in the Niger Delta region. The victim's police escort was also reportedly killed in the attack.
Thousands of people have taken to the street in Nigeria to protest against rising fuel costs in the country following an end to government subsidies. Protesters clashed with riot police in the city of Lagos where at least one person has been shot dead.
Gunmen have attacked a church in the northern city of Gombe, killing six people and wounding 10. The militant Islamist group Boko Haram recently issued an ultimatum to Christians living in the north, warning them to leave the area or risk further violence.
Nigerian riot police have clashed with protesters in the northern city of Kano, injuring around 300 people. Thousands of people have taken to the streets to demonstrate against soaring fuel prices caused by an end to subsidies.
At least 50 people have been killed following clashes between rival ethnic groups in Ebonyi state. The violence broke out between the Ezza and Ezilo groups and is reported to have been started over a land dispute. Riot police have been deployed to the area.
An explosion has been reported near a mosque in the north-eastern city of Maiduguri. The blast comes only a few days after 39 people were killed in a series of attacks on churches by the Islamic group Boko Haram.
At least 39 people have been killed across Nigeria following a series of bomb attacks on churches across Nigeria. The Islamist radical sect Boko Haram have said that they carried out the attack.
More than 50 people have been killed in north-east Nigeria following a series of clashes between suspected Boko Haram militants and security forces. Seven policemen and two soldiers are amongst the dead.
At least seven people have been killed during a series of raids by Nigerian police on suspected Boko Haram militants in the northern city of Kano. Three police officers and four militants were reportedly killed in the incident, while 14 militants were arrested.
At least four people have been killed in the northern city of Kano after unknown gunmen attacked an air force high school. No group has yet taken responsibility for the incident.
At least 10 people are reported to have been killed following a powerful bomb blast in the north-eastern city of Maiduguri. The attack, believed to have been carried out by Boko Haram, targeted a military patrol vehicle in the city.
The Special Task Force has banned motorbikes from the city of Jos after 19:00 following a series of bomb blasts over the weekend. Three explosions were reported in the city, leaving one person dead and 14 others injured.
Three police officers have been shot and wounded by suspected members of the Boko Haram sect in the state of Yobe. The gunmen also attacked a bank, a shopping complex and destroyed six churches.
At least seven people are reported to have been killed in the restive central state of Plateau. The communal violence occurred in the Barkin Ladi district.
At least 63 people have been killed after Boko Haram militants carried out a series of attacks in the north-eastern town of Damaturu. The group bombed several churches and a police headquarters in the town.
At least 18 people have been killed in a brutal attack in a village in north-west Nigeria. A group of around 150 people armed with guns and knives attacked the village of Lingyado in Zamfara state.
Boko Haram militants have shot dead four people in a bar in the northern town of Maiduguri. Yesterday the Nigerian president, Goodluck Jonathan, ordered the military to "take all necessary action" in the central Plateau state in response a series of deadly attacks by the group.
Two bombs have exploded in Jos as the violence which has dominated the city in recent weeks continues. At least two people were seriously wounded in the blasts which occurred in West of Mines open air site. The Nigerian authorities have blamed the Boko Haram group for the attacks.
At least 40 people have been killed in the central city of Jos following clashes between Christians and Muslims. Fighting erupted on the Dusu Uku area of the city and religious leaders from both sides have called for an end to the violence.
At least 12 people have been killed in the northern town of Gombi after Boko Haram militants attacked two police stations and two banks, killing police officers, bank staff and customers.
A bomb has exploded at a UN building in the Nigerian capital Abuja, leaving at least 18 people dead and dozens more wounded. A single suicide bomber affiliated with the Boko Haram group is reported to have carried out the attack.
Nigerian police have shot dead a suspected Boko Haram militant who attempted to carry out a car bomb attack on the police headquarters in Maiduguri. The volatile north-eastern city has witnessed extensive fighting between militants and security forces over recent months.
The father of Chelsea and Nigeria footballer John Obi Mikel has been kidnapped in Jos in the central state of Plateau. No group have taken responsibility for the abduction and no ransom demands have been made.
The Nigerian army claim to have killed 11 members of the Boko Haram sect in the restive city of Maiduguri. Militants had attacked an army patrol in the city and two soldiers were injured in the clashes.
Further violence has broken out in the northern Nigerian town Maiduguri with reports of explosions and heavy gunfire. Attacks in the town by the radical Islamic sect Boko Haram have claimed at least 40 lives in the last 10 days.
Nigeria's security forces (SSS) have arrested more than 100 suspected members of the Boko Haram Islamic sect. The radical group have been responsible for a series of deadly attacks across the country this year, with more than 150 people killed to date.
At least nine people have been killed after Boko Haram militants launched a series of further attacks in the northern city of Maiduguri. Five people were killed when a bomb exploded inside a bar frequented by security forces while overnight gunmen shot dead four others.
The Boko Haram sect have carried out another bomb attack in Maiduguri, killing at least five people and injuring two more. The attack comes only a day after militants threw bombs into a crowded beer garden in the city, killing at least 25 people.
Suspected Boko Haram militants have carried out a bomb attack in north-eastern Nigeria, killing at least 25 people and injuring dozens more. Gunmen on motorcycles threw multiple explosive devices into a packed outdoor beer garden in the city of Maiduguri.
Suspected members of the Boko Haram Islamic sect have carried out twin attacks on a police station and a bank, leaving at least seven people dead. The attack took place in Kankara town in northern Nigeria and follows similar attacks by radical Islamists in recent weeks.
The Nigerian authorities claim that Boko Haram militants are responsible for a further series of bomb attacks in northern Nigeria. In one attack at least four children were killed when a bomb exploded outside a church in the town of Damboa.
A suspected suicide bomb attack on the national police headquarters in Abuja has left three people dead, including two of the assailants. Boko Haram are believed to be behind the attack on the compound and unconfirmed police reports suggest that the Inspector General of Police, Hafiz Ringim, had been the intended target.
Five volunteer teachers have been kidnapped by unknown attackers outside of Port Harcourt in the Delta oil region of Nigeria. No group have claimed responsibility for the kidnappings.
Gunmen believed to be members of the Boko Haram sect have carried out a series of attacks in north-eastern Nigeria,. At least 14 people have been killed following a series of bomb attacks on police stations and churches and a Christian preacher was shot dead by gunmen on motorcycles.
A prominent Muslim cleric has been shot dead in northern Nigeria by suspected members of the Boko Haram Islamic sect. The cleric, Ibrahim Birkuti, had been critical of the sect for killing dozens of security agents and politicians in recent months.
At least 14 people have been killed in a series of explosions in the north-eastern Bauchi state. Around 40 others were injured in the blasts, which occurred hours after the inauguration of President Goodluck Jonathan.
Two foreign engineers have been kidnapped by gunmen in the north-western state of Kebbi. The British man and his Italian colleague were taken from their hotel in Birnin Kebbi city.
At least 16 people have been killed following renewed sectarian violence in norther Nigeria. The town of Tafawa Balewa in Bauchi state was targeted in a reported 'revenge attack' for the killings that have taken place in recent months.
More than 200 people are reported to have been killed in post-election unrest in the north of Nigeria. President Goodluck Jonathan was declared the winner of the presidential elections on Monday night, ahead of his northern rival, Muhammadu Buhari. More than 1,000 people are also reported to have been arrested in the city of Kaduna in relation to the unrest.
Rioting has erupted throughout Nigeria's Muslim north prior to the release of the country's presidential election results. The incumbent president, Goodluck Jonathan, who comes from the Christian south is expected to win the election.
Two bombs have exploded near a voting centre in north-eastern Nigeria, however no casualties have been reported. The blasts occurred in the city of Maiduguri and the radical Islamic group the Boko Haram sect are believed to be responsible.
At least 14 members of the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) have been killed in a bomb attack on the electoral office in Suleja. More than 50 people are also reported to have been injured in the blast.
Nigeria has delayed the country's general election by one week following a series of problems with the distribution of voting materials. Amnesty International have claimed that at least 20 people have been killed in election-related violence in the past two weeks.
At least seven people have been killed following clashes between supporters of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) and rival Labour Party (LP) in Bayelsa State. The clashes came four days before Senatorial and House of Representatives elections.
Two men have been killed after the bomb they were carrying exploded before they reached their intended target. The men are believed to have been targeting a Christian church in the city of Jos when the device exploded.
The Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) have claimed responsibility for an attack on an Agip oil facility in the Niger Delta on Wednesday. A statement from MEND also warned of further attacks "which will take place in the coming days are a reminder to the Nigerian government and general public not to take our threats for granted".
The Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) have reportedly warned of renewed attacks against Nigeria's oil and gas industry. An email to national media organisations claiming to be from a MEND spokesman warned the general public to "stay away from all political gatherings or meetings of any sort".
At least 12 people have been killed after gunmen attacked Rwang Fang village near the city of Jos in central Nigeria. More than 200 people are believed to have been killed in the region since late 2010.
At least 11 people have been killed after a stampede at a political rally for President Goodluck Jonathan in Port Harcourt. Another 46 people were injured in the incident which occurred at a football stadium in the city.
At least 35 people have been killed in sectarian violence in the central city of Jos. Tensions between Christians and Muslims increased in December 2010 when a series of bombings on Christmas Eve left over 80 people dead.
At least eight people have been killed in clashes between Christians and Muslims in the central Plateau state. There have been increasing religious tensions in the state and more the 30 people have been killed in clashes in recent weeks.
Suspected Islamic militants are reported to have killed three soldiers in northern Nigeria in a series of deadly attacks. The attackers are believed to belong to the Boko Haram sect.
At least 13 people are reported to have been killed in ongoing religious violence near Jos. The incident occurred just weeks after a series of deadly bombings in the city.
Five separate bombings in the central city of Jos have left at least 50 people dead and dozens more injured.
Nigerian security forces have killed two suspected members of a radical Islamic sect in a gun battle in the north-east of the country.
An Egyptian national working for a Shell oil contractor has been killed by unknown assailants on the Aba-Port Harcourt highway.
Nigeria's military have freed 19 hostages taken by MEND rebels in recent weeks. Those released include two Americans, two Frenchmen, two Indonesians and one Canadian, along with the eight Nigerians kidnapped from the Exxon Mobil facility on Sunday.
The Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) have claimed responsibility for an attack on an offshore oil facility operated by Exxon Mobil. Eight Nigerian crew members were kidnapped in the attack. The militant group later released a statement to the media which said "in the coming weeks, the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta will launch a major operation that will simultaneously affect oil facilities across the Niger Delta".
The Nigerian military has embarked on a sustained campaign against MEND rebels in the south of the country. Major General Charles Omoregie has said that his troops had recently raided a militant camp in Bayelsa state in which two men were arrested.
Nigerian militants have kidnapped five workers from an oil rig located in the Niger Delta. Two of the workers are reported to have been injured in the raid, which is the first of its kind in recent months.
An outbreak of Cholera has so far killed 1,200 and infected around 30,000. The outbreak has also spread to to neighbouring Niger where over 1,000 have been infected.
The radical Boko Haram Islamic sect are believed to be responsible for an attack on a police station in Borno state in which one person was injured. The government has responded by increasing security in the state.
Population: 154.7 million (2009 est.)
Major Religion/s: : Islam, Christianity
International dialling code: +234
International dialling prefix: 009
Emergency services: 199
Drives: Right
Voltage: 240V
Climate: Tropical
Other Major Cities: Lagos, Kano, Ibadan, Kaduna
Borders: Benin, Niger, Cameroon, Chad
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